This is in response to a post on The Google+ SEO Community entitled: "International SEO [Infographic]", posted 08-02-13 at 8:37 AM.
I recently lived for two years in Italy and created and optimized sites both in English and Italian so like any foreign language country you have two primary aspects... country and language.
There are three key ways in which to approach an international SEO campaign:
~ Optimizing for the Local Language
~ Optimizing for a Foreign Language
~ Optimizing for a Foreign Country in a Language which is Foreign to That Country